Main Idea: Industrial Revolution started in England and
soon spread elsewhere. In Britain, changes in agriculture lay the foundations
for the Industrial Revolution. Other factors—including ample resources, an
expanding economy, and political stability—provide the conditions for the rapid
growth of industry.
I.
Beginning
A.
Background
1.
Revolution: rapid, drastic change
2.
Agricultural Revolution: improved farming methods boost
crop yields and lead to enclosed lands
a
Displaced workers—Small farmers lose land, move to city,
become urban workers
b
Jethro Tull—seed drill
c
Crop Rotation
3.
Why Britain? Possess ideal conditions for the growth of
industry
a
Large population of workers
b
Extensive natural resources
i
water power & coal to fuel new machines
ii
iron ore to construct machines, tools, and buildings
iii
rivers for inland transportation
iv
harbors for merchant ships; trading purposes
c
Expanding economy:
i
businesspeople invested in manufacture of new inventions
ii
highly developed banking system (bank loans)
iii
growing overseas trade, economic prosperity, climate of
progress contributed to increased demand for goods
iv
factors of production: Land, labor, & capital (wealth)
d
Political stability
B.
Inventions
1.
Revolutionize industry during 1700s & 1800s
2.
Textile Industry: first; machines produce cotton cloth;
factories
3.
Transportation: steam engine and the construction of
canals, roads, and railroads